Reaction intermediates: carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, nitrenes
General Organic Chemistry (GOC) · Chemistry
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Classify the intermediate in (CH₃)₃C–Cl ionization. Step 1: (CH₃)₃C–Cl → (CH₃)₃C⁺ + Cl⁻ (heterolysis). Step 2: Carbon keeps 6 electrons → carbocation. Step 3: sp² planar, empty p orbital → electrophile. Step 4: Stabilized by +I and 9 hyperconjugative α-H → forms readily (SN1!).