Chemical thermodynamics: enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs energy
Engineering Chemistry · Engineering
Gas piston lab
Interactive 3DHeat the gas and watch molecules speed up — pressure obeys the gas laws live.
Controls
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Study notes
For ice melting at 273 K: ΔH = +6.0 kJ/mol. Is it spontaneous? ΔS = ΔH/T = 6000/273 = 22 J/mol·K. ΔG = ΔH − TΔS = 6000 − 273×22 = 0. At exactly 273 K, ΔG = 0 (equilibrium). Above 273 K, ΔG < 0 → melts spontaneously.