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Calculate the change in volume of 500 mL of water when it is cooled from 20°C to 0°C. Use the volumetric expansion coefficient for water (β) = 0.000214 per °C for the range 0–20°C. Step 1: Write the formula for volumetric expansion: ΔV = β V₀ ΔT. Step 2: Identify the given values: V₀ = 500 mL, β = 0.000214 °C⁻¹, ΔT = T_final – T_initial = 0°C – 20°C = -20°C. Step 3: Plug the numbers into the formula: ΔV = 0.000214 × 500 mL × (-20) = -2.14 mL. Step 4: The negative sign shows the volume decreases. The new volume at 0°C is: V = V₀ + ΔV = 500 mL – 2.14 mL = 497.86 mL. Thus, 500 mL of water at 20°C contracts to about 497.86 mL when cooled to 0°C.