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Verification of laws of parallelogram of forces

Mechanics experiments · Physics

Study notes

Example: Two forces act on a point. Force 1 (F1) = 5 N to the right. Force 2 (F2) = 3 N upward. Step 1: Draw F1 as a horizontal arrow of length 5 units to the right. Step 2: From the tip of F1, draw F2 as a vertical arrow of length 3 units upward. Step 3: Complete the parallelogram by drawing a horizontal line from the tip of F2 back to the left, and a vertical line from the start point of F1 up to meet that line. Step 4: The diagonal from the common start point to the opposite corner gives the resultant. Step 5: Calculate magnitude using Pythagoras: R = √(5² + 3²) = √(25 + 9) = √34 ≈ 5.83 N. Step 6: Calculate direction: tanθ = opposite/adjacent = 3/5, so θ = arctan(0.6) ≈ 30.96° above the horizontal. Thus the resultant force is about 5.83 N directed 31° above the horizontal.

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