Demography: indicators, population dynamics
Community Medicine · MBBS
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Study notes
A state's TFR falls from 3.5 to 2.0 — the pyramid's base narrows over decades. Demographic transition (high birth + high death → high birth + low death → low + low): India's TFR nears replacement (2.1) — the pyramid shifts from expansive (wide base — many children) toward constrictive; dependency ratio falls (demographic dividend — working-age bulge) then rises (aging). Family planning, female literacy, and infant survival drive the transition. The pyramid is the future's silhouette — policy reads it.
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