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Cardiology: congenital heart diseases — acyanotic and cyanotic

Pediatrics · MBBS

Beating heart

Interactive 3D

A stylized heart pulsing at the rate you set, with its key chambers labelled.

Controls

Drag the sliders or type a value — the simulation updates live.

bpm
40bpm120bpm

Study notes

A child — cyanotic spells, squatting; TOF; propranolol, surgical repair. Tetralogy of Fallot (commonest cyanotic — 4: pulmonary stenosis, VSD, overriding aorta, RVH: cyanotic spells — crying/feeding — squatting relieves — increases SVR; treat — knee-chest, oxygen, propranolol; definitive — surgical repair): acyanotic — VSD (commonest overall — pansystolic murmur — small — close spontaneously; large — failure — surgical closure), ASD (ejection systolic — ostium secundum — device/surgical), PDA (continuous machinery murmur — preterm — indomethacin/ibuprofen; term — ligation), coarctation (brachial-femoral delay — repair). Eisenmenger (reversed shunt — irreversible pulmonary hypertension — no closure — transplant). The squatting child is TOF — spells need propranolol.

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